On June 8th, Ethereum developers successfully activated the merge on Ethereum’s Ropsten testnet and merged Ropsten’s proof-of-work chain with the proof-of-stake Beacon Chain, according to Ethereum senior developer Tim Beiko.
The Merge will see Ethereum abandon its current Proof-of-Work consensus model in favor of the more energy-efficient Proof-of-Stake. The upgrade is expected among other things to reduce the ETH token emission rate by approximately 90%. Combined with base transaction fees being burned since the introduction of EIP-1559 last August, the upgrade is expected to result in more ETH being destroyed than created, making Ether (ETH) increasingly scarce over time.
Currently, the Beacon Chain runs in parallel with the current Proof-of-work chain. The Beacon Chain is the Proof-of-Stake coordination chain that already has validators creating and validating new blocks in tandem with the Proof-of-Work execution chain. Once the Proof-of-Stake chain has been adequately tested and secured, the two chains will merge and Ethereum will continue as a Proof-of-Stake blockchain. In the meantime, two more public testnet merges on the Ethereum Goelri and Sepolia networks are scheduled to be executed before the mainnet merge.